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Separating
Mixtures
Mixtures
can be separated using different methods:
Filtration
(Filtering)
Filtration
is used to separate solid particles which do not dissolve from
the liquid they are in. In the picture shown above, the sand
particles are too big to fit through gaps in the filter paper.
Tea bags are another example of a filter - the tea leaves are
too big to fit through the holes in the bag.
Evaporation
a
Evaporation
separates a solute (the salt) from a solvent (water). The solvent
is evaporated.
Distillation
(Evaporation
followed by Condensation)
Distillation
can be used to separate one liquid from a mixture of liquids
or a liquid from a dissolved solid. In the picture above a mixture
of water and ink is heated. The water evaporates. The steam
is then cooled down in the condenser to turn it back into water.
Pure water is collected in the beaker.
Chromatography
Chromatography
can be used to separate individual colour dyes from a mixture
of colours.
In the
picture above different coloured inks are seen to contain different
dyes. The company making felt tip pens mixes different dyes
to give the colour you see when you use a felt tip pen.
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